Cheat Sheet

Med Math Formula Cheat Sheet

Every formula you need for nursing calculations on a single printable page — dosage, IV rates, infusion times, BSA and IBW, plus the conversions worth knowing by heart and the rounding rules that go with them. Built to print cleanly on one sheet for a clipboard or a folder.

Core Dosage Formulas

CalculationFormula
Tablets or volume to give(Desired ÷ Have) × Quantity
Weight-based doseDose per kg × weight in kg
IV flow rateVolume (mL) ÷ time (hours) = mL/hr
IV drip rate[Volume (mL) ÷ time (min)] × drop factor = gtt/min
Infusion durationVolume (mL) ÷ rate (mL/hr) = hours
mcg/kg/min → mL/hr(dose × kg × 60) ÷ concentration (mcg/mL)
ConcentrationTotal drug ÷ total volume
BSA (Mosteller)√[(height cm × weight kg) ÷ 3600]
IBW (Devine, male)50 kg + 2.3 kg per inch over 5 ft
IBW (Devine, female)45.5 kg + 2.3 kg per inch over 5 ft

Conversions to Memorise

UnitEquals
1 kg1,000 g · 2.2 lb
1 g1,000 mg
1 mg1,000 mcg
1 L1,000 mL
1 tsp5 mL
1 tbsp15 mL · 3 tsp
1 fl oz30 mL · 2 tbsp
1 cup240 mL
1 grain (gr)60 mg
1 lb454 g

Drop Factors

TubingDrop factorUsed for
Macrodrip10 gtt/mLLarge volumes, blood
Macrodrip15 gtt/mLStandard IV fluids (US)
Macrodrip20 gtt/mLStandard IV fluids (global)
Microdrip60 gtt/mLPaediatric, critical drugs

With a 60 gtt/mL microdrip set, gtt/min always equals mL/hr — the 60 drops and 60 minutes cancel out.

Rounding & Sanity Checks

MeasureRound to
Drops per minuteWhole drop
TabletsHalf — only if scored
mL (adult)One decimal place
mL (paediatric)Two decimal places
Pump rateWhole mL/hr

Stop and recheck if: the answer needs more than about 3 tablets, less than a quarter tablet, an IM injection over 3 mL, a drip rate too fast to count, or a dose far outside the drug's usual range. These are arithmetic errors, not unusual prescriptions.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the basic dosage formula?

Desired divided by Have, multiplied by Quantity (D/H x Q). For an order of 500 mg where stock is 250 mg in 5 mL, that is 500 divided by 250, multiplied by 5, which equals 10 mL. Both values must be in the same unit before dividing.

How do you calculate IV drip rate?

Volume in mL divided by time in minutes, multiplied by the drop factor of the tubing in drops per mL. For 1,000 mL over 8 hours on a 15 gtt/mL set: 1,000 divided by 480 minutes, multiplied by 15, gives 31 drops per minute.

How many mcg are in 1 mg?

There are 1,000 micrograms in 1 milligram and 1,000 milligrams in 1 gram. To convert mg to mcg multiply by 1,000; to convert mcg to mg divide by 1,000.

⚠️ Educational reference only, not medical advice. Reference ranges and protocols vary between institutions and laboratories — always follow your own institution's policy and verify against the prescription and label.